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The volume of urine produced daily — a simple vital sign of kidney function and fluid balance.
Normal urine output is 800-2,000 ml/day. In AKI, oliguria (< 400 ml/day) and anuria (< 100 ml/day) define severity. In dialysis, residual urine output guides fluid allowance and modality choice (PD benefits from residual function). Daily output tracking is a core self-care skill.
Low urine output (under ~400-500 mL/day) — a key AKI criterion and a sign that the kidneys are not clearing fluid and waste effectively.
No urine output (typically under 100 mL/day) — a severe sign of kidney failure or obstruction that usually requires urgent evaluation.
The daily fluid limit for dialysis patients — typically 500-1,000 ml plus urine output — to prevent fluid overload between sessions.
The kidney function a dialysis patient retains after starting treatment — worth preserving, since it improves survival and quality of life.
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This content is a general reference, not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment plan. Do not change your diet, fluids, medicines, or dialysis plan without your nephrologist or renal dietitian. Individual recommendations depend on your labs, medications, conditions, and care plan.