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Excess extracellular fluid volume in kidney patients from inadequate excretion, causing edema, hypertension, pulmonary congestion, and increased cardiovascular risk.
Fluid overload results when fluid intake exceeds the kidneys' (or dialysis') removal capacity. Signs: peripheral edema, weight gain, breathlessness, raised JVP, and hypertension. Chronic fluid overload drives left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. In dialysis patients, fluid status is managed via dry weight targeting and fluid restriction (typically 500-1000 mL/day plus urine output); interdialytic weight gain should stay under 3% of dry weight. Each 1 kg of interdialytic weight gain is associated with a ~12% increase in cardiovascular death (Kalantar-Zadeh et al.). Use the fluid restriction calculator to determine daily allowances.
The target body weight of a dialysis patient after all excess fluid has been removed — the weight at which blood pressure is normal without medication.
The process of removing excess fluid from a patient's blood during dialysis by applying pressure across the dialyzer membrane.
A medical procedure that filters waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood using a dialysis machine when the kidneys can no longer perform this function adequately.
A sudden drop in blood pressure during a dialysis session, occurring in 20-30% of sessions and representing the most common intradialytic complication.
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This content is a general reference, not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment plan. Do not change your diet, fluids, medicines, or dialysis plan without your nephrologist or renal dietitian. Individual recommendations depend on your labs, medications, conditions, and care plan.