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A flexible tube inserted into a large central vein (usually internal jugular) to provide temporary or permanent vascular access for hemodialysis when AV fistula or graft is unavailable.
Central venous catheters are the fastest vascular access (usable immediately) but carry the highest complication rates: catheter-related bloodstream infections (1.5-5.5 episodes per 1000 catheter-days vs 0.3-0.6 for AVF), central vein stenosis, and thrombosis. Catheter-dependent patients have 30-50% higher adjusted mortality (USRDS data). KDOQI 2019 recommends catheter-last strategies: use CVC only for urgent initiation, while an AVF matures, or when other options are exhausted. In India, 60-70% of patients start dialysis with a catheter — a key quality gap. See the AVF vs AVG vs CVC comparison for the full evidence.
The surgical connection created to allow blood to flow between the patient's circulatory system and the dialysis machine during hemodialysis sessions.
A surgical connection between an artery and a vein, typically in the forearm, created to provide reliable vascular access for hemodialysis.
A synthetic tube surgically implanted to connect an artery to a vein for hemodialysis access when native vessels are unsuitable for AV fistula creation.
A medical procedure that filters waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood using a dialysis machine when the kidneys can no longer perform this function adequately.
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This content is a general reference, not medical advice, a diagnosis, or a treatment plan. Do not change your diet, fluids, medicines, or dialysis plan without your nephrologist or renal dietitian. Individual recommendations depend on your labs, medications, conditions, and care plan.